The Royal Navy Discussions and Updates

t68

Well-Known Member
The RN is paying a big price for its super carriers.

It is all very well and good giving the Ocean's role to its new carriers but those ships will have a range of other missions to perform and as big and capable as they may be they can only be in one place at a time.
Yes, while they are a gain in capability in amount of aircraft to be stored on board they lose a fair chunk of their amphibious capability to deliver material and manpower thru the landing craft and stern doors.

What's the offset they want to put more RM onboard than berths available after all the berthing was for aircrew and maintenance and 300 odd troops from memory.
 

swerve

Super Moderator
T..But my comment about the Mistrals was about the ex Russian order ready for pick up in 2015
I know, but that would have meant replacing two fairly lightly used LPDs (ten years old, usually only one in service at a time) with new ships, which we'd have had to spend money to modify.

AFAIK the only thing wrong with the LPDs is their aviation capability. Everyone seems to agree that they're excellent ships in other respects.

Wishes, Dreams, If's But's & maybe's...

We need to remember that ;A' & 'B' were conceived back in the early 90's, steel cut in the late 90's (Circa '99 from memory) & the penny pinchers from Whitehall had the extra decks removed.

SA
:(
I didn't know about that. Can you tell us what the extra decks would have had in them? A hangar?
 

t68

Well-Known Member
I know, but that would have meant replacing two fairly lightly used LPDs (ten years old, usually only one in service at a time) with new ships, which we'd have had to spend money to modify.
Agree it would have cost money(but that's the whole problem with UKDF for some time) to mod to RN standards, but they would have been an opportunity buy which would have the roughly the same capability as A,B & O combined but unfortunately troop accommodation would have been reduced. But its water under the bridge now.

AFAIK the only thing wrong with the LPDs is their aviation capability. Everyone seems to agree that they're excellent ships in other respects.
Agree they are very good ships let down by its lack of organic aviation capability, I'm lead to believe that it was proposed in the initial planning stages but was omitted because of funding. Do you know if a portable hanger like those of the Bay class can be set up?
 

KiwiRob

Well-Known Member
With Inflation & "a VERY FEW changes", the £250M /ship for T31e looks about right...
I went to the Cammell Laird type 31e workshop on Wednesday, the figure of £250m is the the 5th ship with inflation taken into account, Hull 1 is expected to cost £220m. What was also interesting is the design life of the vessel 25 years, the RN are only expecting to operate the vessels for 10 to 15 years before they are replaced and sold off.
 

Systems Adict

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
I went to the Cammell Laird type 31e workshop on Wednesday, the figure of £250m is the the 5th ship with inflation taken into account, Hull 1 is expected to cost £220m. What was also interesting is the design life of the vessel 25 years, the RN are only expecting to operate the vessels for 10 to 15 years before they are replaced and sold off.

YOU, are a lucky man !

I'd still question the figure as the RN are ALWAYS changing things, even when they're told 'Build-to-print', is what their funds is paying for...

Anyway, being ensconced in a ship design concept for the last 5 years, I don't get to get out to such shin-digs. Only thing I have to look fwd to is a day trip to the P of W carrier in the next few weeks, as part of a 'lessons learned' type exercise.

SA
:D
 

StobieWan

Super Moderator
Staff member
I went to the Cammell Laird type 31e workshop on Wednesday, the figure of £250m is the the 5th ship with inflation taken into account, Hull 1 is expected to cost £220m. What was also interesting is the design life of the vessel 25 years, the RN are only expecting to operate the vessels for 10 to 15 years before they are replaced and sold off.

That would fall in line with some attempt to keep the yards ticking over - and might work out cheaper in the longer term as the RN would be spending less money keeping ships in service (witness expenditure on the last Type 42's in service plus the T boats which were constantly breaking down.)

It's more in keeping with what the Japanese do and ties in with industry fairly well. What I expect is that come 15 years in service, someone will suggest they don't look too bad and can we keep them running another five years to avoid building new ones...

Etc

Also, as has been noted, the RN can't quite keep from making changes, even if the only way this works is to just build them to spec.
 

oldsig127

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
That would fall in line with some attempt to keep the yards ticking over - and might work out cheaper in the longer term as the RN would be spending less money keeping ships in service
It's entirely in line with the continuous build practice the current Australian government is trying to start. Rather than expend 50% of the cost of a new ship doing a "mid" life extension and then pouring money into an aging hull for the later years, plan the build cycle so that as a ship reaches and of its planned in service life it is replaced by a ship the next cycle of builds. It just needs an approprate drum beat, and the buy in of all sides of politics, because it'll go to hell if anyone decides to slow or stop the beat for whatever reason

oldsig
 

hauritz

Well-Known Member
It's entirely in line with the continuous build practice the current Australian government is trying to start. Rather than expend 50% of the cost of a new ship doing a "mid" life extension and then pouring money into an aging hull for the later years, plan the build cycle so that as a ship reaches and of its planned in service life it is replaced by a ship the next cycle of builds. It just needs an approprate drum beat, and the buy in of all sides of politics, because it'll go to hell if anyone decides to slow or stop the beat for whatever reason

oldsig
Unfortunately the slowing of the drum beat seems to almost invariably happen. The type 23 was only supposed to have a service life of 18 years and now that will be closer to 30.

What that means is that these frigates will now have to receive a life extension refit that will probably be a lot more involved and more expensive than a standard midlife refit.

It may end up costing more than if the ships were built to last 30 years in the first place.
 

ASSAIL

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
Unfortunately the slowing of the drum beat seems to almost invariably happen. The type 23 was only supposed to have a service life of 18 years and now that will be closer to 30.

What that means is that these frigates will now have to receive a life extension refit that will probably be a lot more involved and more expensive than a standard midlife refit.

It may end up costing more than if the ships were built to last 30 years in the first place.
No Naval ship is "built to last 30 years".

All ships require updates/upgrades of systems and weapons and that won't change.
But, by changing the timing of introducing new hulls and retiring older ones, the savings come from not needing to change and alter the platform, by not making structural changes to facilitate new weapons and systems and by avoiding the maintenance "bathtub curve" whereby the effects of wear and corrosion accelerate towards the end of material life.
It's no coincidence that first class transport operators rarely keep a platform beyond 7 years (according to my contact at DNV). This aligns with class requirements which make in increasingly expensive to maintain class thereby decreasing profitability markedly.
Alex is much better qualified than me to comment on this but it does illustrate the importance of continual renewal of hull stock.
 

John Fedup

The Bunker Group
It just needs an approprate drum beat, and the buy in of all sides of politics, because it'll go to hell if anyone decides to slow or stop the beat for whatever reason

oldsig
It is that buy in in all sides of politics that is essential and Canada does not have that. It is Australia's big advantage over Canada when it comes to all things militar.
 

oldsig127

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
It is that buy in in all sides of politics that is essential and Canada does not have that. It is Australia's big advantage over Canada when it comes to all things militar.
I wish that were so, but we've had a decade or so where changes of governments and changes *within* governments derailed or threatened major projects. I won't be confident of our new continuous build philosophy until it survives a change of government or two and the depredations of cross bench power brokers with a hankering for publicity and an axe or three to grind. More confident than I'd be in Canada mind you, and I'm no more than hopeful that the RN can negotiate their own political perils.

oldsig
 

StobieWan

Super Moderator
Staff member
Well, thinking about it, if Type 31 needs steel cut asap, and the build process will proceed with about a two year build time per ship, they really will need to start building the replacements directly after that as Type 26 construction will be winding down and there'll be nothing left for either yard to build. This could get interesting.
 

John Fedup

The Bunker Group
Perhaps an enhanced Type 26 as a bridge between not having enough Type 26s and Type 45s would be a solution to keep yards viable until long term future requirements are determined or is there no chance for funding?
 

alexsa

Super Moderator
Staff member
Verified Defense Pro
No Naval ship is "built to last 30 years".

All ships require updates/upgrades of systems and weapons and that won't change.
But, by changing the timing of introducing new hulls and retiring older ones, the savings come from not needing to change and alter the platform, by not making structural changes to facilitate new weapons and systems and by avoiding the maintenance "bathtub curve" whereby the effects of wear and corrosion accelerate towards the end of material life.
It's no coincidence that first class transport operators rarely keep a platform beyond 7 years (according to my contact at DNV). This aligns with class requirements which make in increasingly expensive to maintain class thereby decreasing profitability markedly.
Alex is much better qualified than me to comment on this but it does illustrate the importance of continual renewal of hull stock.
The time operators are keeping ships is changing a bit. The current economic environment means that some operators are running some ships out to the second or third special survey (10 to 15 years) to maximise the profit from the hull. It is pertinent to note that beyond 10 years many of the PSC targeting systems add a risk penalty which increases the potential for inspection. Vessel over 15 years are definitely targeted (mind you Australia are looking to add a risk penalty for some ships from certain yards as the ‘finish’ of the vessels has had issues). So keeping the ship over 10 years means more PSC focus. In saying this some targeting systems (Australia being one) do not slavishly consider all alder ships to be ‘high risk’ and operator performance comes into that (Gas carriers have a very good PSC record with an average age of over 20 years but a very effectively operating safety management systems combined with a lot of focus on the build quality ..... and they cost a bomb).

However, ships over 10 years generally have a higher risk of detention during a port State control inspection and this does drive fleet replacement.

So quite a few of the new builds are now being build outside China (whose order book collapsed 3 years ago) to get a better quality ship for a bit more money that will last 2 or 3 cycles without a lot of work. This does not work on some Chinese builds which are being onsold at about the 7 year mark when they still have good value.

Specialist ships go a bit longer. Gas carriers, heavy load carriers, rol docks, semi submersibles and some specialist offshore units tend to go a lot longer to recoup the investment in the tonnage.

By way of an example the average age of ships coming to Australia is 9 years old. World fleet average is around 22.5 years. This is because of the influence the port State control regime has on bulk carriers (which make up 50% of arrivals) which are running below 7 years old. For these ships older tonnage is a risk and ships get changed out more frequently. I suspect this is what DNV-GL are focusing on. The average age of box boats in Australia is quiet a bit older and many remain with the same operator (Swires as an example).

The biggest impact that is coming for shipping is the 2020 Sox/Nox caps under MARPOL Annex VI. It will simply not be economically viable to retrofit many older vessels with scrubbers (and who would want to as the open cycle system has it own pollutions risk and the closed cycle is an operational night mare) and the engines cannot take low sulphur light fuels without spraying he stuff around the engine room. This is prompting some new tonnage and it is interesting that China’s market share was not what it was.
 
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Milne Bay

Active Member
The time operators are keeping ships is changing a bit. The current economic environment means that some operators are running some ships out to the second or third special survey (10 to 15 years) to maximise the profit from the hull. It is pertinent to note that beyond 10 years many of the PSC targeting systems add a risk penalty which increases the potential for inspection. Vessel over 15 years are definitely targeted (mind you Australia are looking to add a risk penalty for some ships from certain yards as the ‘finish’ of the vessels has had issues). So keeping the ship over 10 years means more PSC focus. In saying this some targeting systems (Australia being one) do not slavishly consider all alder ships to be ‘high risk’ and operator performance comes into that (Gas carriers have a very good PSC record with an average age of over 20 years but a very effectively operating safety management systems combined with a lot of focus on the build quality ..... and they cost a bomb).

However, ships over 10 years generally have a higher risk of detention during a port State control inspection and this does drive fleet replacement.

So quite a few of the new builds are now being build outside China (whose order book collapsed 3 years ago) to get a better quality ship for a bit more money that will last 2 or 3 cycles without a lot of work. This does not work on some Chinese builds which are being onsold at about the 7 year mark when they still have good value.

Specialist ships go a bit longer. Gas carriers, heavy load carriers, rol docks, semi submersibles and some specialist offshore units tend to go a lot longer to recoup the investment in the tonnage.

By way of an example the average age of ships coming to Australia is 9 years old. World fleet average is around 22.5 years. This is because of the influence the port State control regime has on bulk carriers (which make up 50% of arrivals) which are running below 7 years old. For these ships older tonnage is a risk and ships get changed out more frequently. I suspect this is what DNV-GL are focusing on. The average age of box boats in Australia is quiet a bit older and many remain with the same operator (Swires as an example).

The biggest impact that is coming for shipping is the 2020 Sox/Nox caps under MARPOL Annex VI. It will simply not be economically viable to retrofit many older vessels with scrubbers (and who would want to as the open cycle system has it own pollutions risk and the closed cycle is an operational night mare) and the engines cannot take low sulphur light fuels without spraying he stuff around the engine room. This is prompting some new tonnage and it is interesting that China’s market share was not what it was.
I was in Fremantle a couple of weeks ago and watched a Liberian registered container ship make its way to sea.
It hadn't seen a coat of paint for yonks and looked like it was being worked to death
MB
 

alexsa

Super Moderator
Staff member
Verified Defense Pro
I was in Fremantle a couple of weeks ago and watched a Liberian registered container ship make its way to sea.
It hadn't seen a coat of paint for yonks and looked like it was being worked to death
MB
Not always as it appears but exterior condition can be an indicator. Many operators are not bothering to keep the side of the ship looking pretty due to cost. They will also conduct the intermediate survey ‘in water’ (most do this) meaning the hull does not get a paint for five years. They can look like crap close to that time.

I generally find the deck condition is the best indicator. If it is layered in rust and most of the gear looks like it could do wiht a bit of TLC then you are likely to have an issue.
 

StobieWan

Super Moderator
Staff member
Perhaps an enhanced Type 26 as a bridge between not having enough Type 26s and Type 45s would be a solution to keep yards viable until long term future requirements are determined or is there no chance for funding?
The thinking appears to be to get something small and relatively cheap that can be exported - hopefully with some being built in UK yards - the issue with Type 26 is that anything that large and complex, the purchasers want to build in their own yards. That keeps the ship design teams employed but does nothing to underwrite some of the costs of keeping yards alive ready for domestic orders.

Type 45 replacements may be hard on the heels of an end of build Type 26 however - they have so much orphan kit it's unreal (literally, I think they're the only users of WR-21 GT's, the Sylver silos will be unique to 45 as 26 is getting Mk41VLS (strike length I believe) plus the 4.5 inch gun and SAMPSON. There may be a really good case to retire them ..not quite early but certainly replacing them as soon as is viable may be a smarter move than working too much on mid life refits.

Even if the replacement pulled through SAMPSON to save costs, getting a hull that used MT30's etc might be a better bet than keeping them in service too long - I suspect they'll be viewed as an evolutionary dead-end and a very good example of how not to do risk management in a project.

Fantasy time - take the Type 26 hull and stretch it out a bit to something a bit bigger than Type 45, same machinery, keep as many elements common as possible, give the hull similar rafting and isolation as 26, focus it on AWD but include something that's definitely double hangar size, space for command staff or an embarked team for whatever purpose, pull SAMPSON and 8150 through into the new hull with the intention of replacing that a bit down the line, MK41 plus Sea Ceptor, that sounds like a viable way to get out of the hole that the Harbour Queen class seem to present.

I suspect they'll be one of the shorter lived classes in modern history as who the hell wants all the over heads of that unique drive train? I could be horribly wrong and they'll limp along for decades, sucking the budget out of the RN but I'd sooner see the back of them at twenty to twenty five years.

I'm told project Napier is running along okay with the intention to fit an additional diesel and maybe we'll see them deployed a bit more in future but keeping those WR21's ticking will be expensive.
 
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