Israeli Army News & Discussion

Big_Zucchini

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  • #81
IDF to buy hundreds of light vehicles for SoF.



The IDF has restructured recently. Not long ago it formed a commando brigade to do special operations deep beyond the fronts. Shortly after it had an entire division dedicated to that. Today, this division is fresh off a month-long exercise that for the first time in decades practices a brigade-level amphibious landing, beside other usual methods like paradropping.
The division, at least in my understanding, is still using old vehicles like the Land Rover Defender, which are out of production. This buy is most likely to replace them.
 

STURM

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Curious as to what it weights without the turret but with the bridging gear.

I'm very surprised the PA has gone down this route.
 

Big_Zucchini

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  • #85
I personally believe the Israeli gov't should ASAP sell the IP for every AFV to the highest local bidder. It doesn't make sense to ignore the global market like that.
 

Big_Zucchini

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New article (in Hebrew) talks a little about what there is today, what lies in the future, and that in light of lessons from Ukraine.

Link.



About Ukraine:

In the context of armored warfare and tanks specifically, tanks are proving to be vital to the all domain operations in a kinetic battlefield. About 70% of the target bank of a maneuvering force is generated by the maneuver itself, and the primary source of intelligence during the maneuver is the MBT.

The tank shows its value even in so-called peace-time operations, or ops between wars, by serving as a powerful sensory and communications node that can deliver immediate firepower.

More generally, the IDF's assessment that 'big wars' are not over, many years ago, turned out to be valid, and the IDF's preparations for almost 2 decades for a high intensity warfare (after a short period of low intensity focus) were not in vain, and the Merkava 4, Namer, and Eitan are great contributors to current state of preparedness.


A little about the current state:



Currently the Merkava, Namer, and Eitan are used not as stepping stones for a general progress as seen in the chart above, but are developed as systems-of-systems, utilizing current well-known, highly modern, and high growth capacity platforms to drive real changes in combat capability right now, and not in 5 or 10 or 20 years.

We can see in the chart that between the Merkava Mark 1 and Mark 4, the progression is very linear. Same goes with APCs like Nagmashot to Achzarit and Nakpadon. From the Merkava 4, it branches out into the Namer, and later to the Eitan. We can also see that these are built, to an extent, as a lesson from the 2006 Lebanon war, which shows the IDF managed to draw the right conclusions and not prepare for a repeat of that war, but an evolved vision of the next war.

After the Merkava 4M in 2010, we see a bridge layer, marked under 2021. We know such a bridge layer was sold to the Philippines, however the IDF's own bridge layers are based on Magach tanks which the IDF has been withdrawing for years. Since AVLBs are very rarely photographed in Israel, there's no way to tell if current AVLBs are being switched to the Merkava. So I don't know how to interpret this chart, especially knowing the chart does not list any unit (user) for the AVLB.



Listed under 2022, we see a Merkava 4 Barak with the 4 regular armored brigades as its users. This is also quite ambiguous. Perhaps they wish to list only active units because otherwise they'd have to list 11 brigades there. Another possibility is that the 4 regular brigades with Merkava 4M tanks will be near-simultaneously upgraded to the Barak. The latter is quite an unlikely scenario.

In the Namer branch we see many different variants today, including a basic APC version later upgraded with Trophy, 3 distinct engineering versions, an ARV version, technical squad vehicle, logistical vehicle, and a turreted variant. A turreted Namer was displayed in 2017, and since then many speculated the project died again, but it being marked specifically under 2022 might mean it's due to enter service very soon along with the Eitan and Merkava 4 Barak.

As a final touch, the article mentions several times that the Merkava 4 tank currently possesses not only powerful sensors, but also EW equipment to counter small drones.


A little about the future:

The Barak MBT is not listed as just that. It's listed as "Barak MBT and Lightning Storm".

Lightning storm is a name of a program to create a battlegroup based on existing platforms and matured tech from the Carmel, that would serve as a sturdy basis for the future Kaliyah project, of which the first AFVs are due to enter service in the late 2020's to early 2030's.

The components are described as a family of vehicles consisting of Merkava, Namer, and Eitan variants as well as smaller and lighter vehicles that will be protected by a variety of means. Also included will be remote controlled and later autonomous vehicles. This wording leads me to believe the 'lighter vehicles' are manned.
 

ngatimozart

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Staff member
Verified Defense Pro
New article (in Hebrew) talks a little about what there is today, what lies in the future, and that in light of lessons from Ukraine.

Link.



About Ukraine:

In the context of armored warfare and tanks specifically, tanks are proving to be vital to the all domain operations in a kinetic battlefield. About 70% of the target bank of a maneuvering force is generated by the maneuver itself, and the primary source of intelligence during the maneuver is the MBT.

The tank shows its value even in so-called peace-time operations, or ops between wars, by serving as a powerful sensory and communications node that can deliver immediate firepower.

More generally, the IDF's assessment that 'big wars' are not over, many years ago, turned out to be valid, and the IDF's preparations for almost 2 decades for a high intensity warfare (after a short period of low intensity focus) were not in vain, and the Merkava 4, Namer, and Eitan are great contributors to current state of preparedness.


A little about the current state:



Currently the Merkava, Namer, and Eitan are used not as stepping stones for a general progress as seen in the chart above, but are developed as systems-of-systems, utilizing current well-known, highly modern, and high growth capacity platforms to drive real changes in combat capability right now, and not in 5 or 10 or 20 years.

We can see in the chart that between the Merkava Mark 1 and Mark 4, the progression is very linear. Same goes with APCs like Nagmashot to Achzarit and Nakpadon. From the Merkava 4, it branches out into the Namer, and later to the Eitan. We can also see that these are built, to an extent, as a lesson from the 2006 Lebanon war, which shows the IDF managed to draw the right conclusions and not prepare for a repeat of that war, but an evolved vision of the next war.

After the Merkava 4M in 2010, we see a bridge layer, marked under 2021. We know such a bridge layer was sold to the Philippines, however the IDF's own bridge layers are based on Magach tanks which the IDF has been withdrawing for years. Since AVLBs are very rarely photographed in Israel, there's no way to tell if current AVLBs are being switched to the Merkava. So I don't know how to interpret this chart, especially knowing the chart does not list any unit (user) for the AVLB.



Listed under 2022, we see a Merkava 4 Barak with the 4 regular armored brigades as its users. This is also quite ambiguous. Perhaps they wish to list only active units because otherwise they'd have to list 11 brigades there. Another possibility is that the 4 regular brigades with Merkava 4M tanks will be near-simultaneously upgraded to the Barak. The latter is quite an unlikely scenario.

In the Namer branch we see many different variants today, including a basic APC version later upgraded with Trophy, 3 distinct engineering versions, an ARV version, technical squad vehicle, logistical vehicle, and a turreted variant. A turreted Namer was displayed in 2017, and since then many speculated the project died again, but it being marked specifically under 2022 might mean it's due to enter service very soon along with the Eitan and Merkava 4 Barak.

As a final touch, the article mentions several times that the Merkava 4 tank currently possesses not only powerful sensors, but also EW equipment to counter small drones.


A little about the future:

The Barak MBT is not listed as just that. It's listed as "Barak MBT and Lightning Storm".

Lightning storm is a name of a program to create a battlegroup based on existing platforms and matured tech from the Carmel, that would serve as a sturdy basis for the future Kaliyah project, of which the first AFVs are due to enter service in the late 2020's to early 2030's.

The components are described as a family of vehicles consisting of Merkava, Namer, and Eitan variants as well as smaller and lighter vehicles that will be protected by a variety of means. Also included will be remote controlled and later autonomous vehicles. This wording leads me to believe the 'lighter vehicles' are manned.
I watched a Task & Purpose video yesterday on the Namer 3 and it did mention the turreted version.


Had an Elbit unmanned turret that has a ATK MK44 ABM 30 mm gun and the Spike ATGM already integrated into it. The ATGM are housed within the turret and only extended when fired. They and the gun are able to be reloaded safely within the confines of the vehicle.
 

Big_Zucchini

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  • #88
The gun likely can. One of Rafael's key selling features is turrets you can reload without exiting the vehicle even if the turrets are unmanned.
This is not a company's turret though, it's developed by the army and uses features from many vendors. So we don't know if it can be reloaded from under armor, but likely it can be.
Spikes will probably have to be reloaded from outside. The armor is there to protect them from small arms fire.
 

Big_Zucchini

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  • #89
IDF announced Namer ARV entered service, and due to be inducted into 18 maneuvering brigades.
I'm not fluent in the relevant terminology, but they say it has a 63 ton winch and can recover a 128 ton vehicle.
Said to allow recovery in mountainous areas, and also can recover a vehicle, or multiple vehicles, on its own, instead of using multiple vehicles to recover a single one.
Practically the IDF uses Merkava tanks, D9s, and any available vehicle to recover stuck vehicles. The D9 is great for the job, but usually it's Merkavas and it was explained to me that their powerpacks are not suitable for towing other tanks.

The IDF also uses M88, but it has been in the process of replacing any M48 and M60 chassis for many years. It and the AVLBs are the only remaining M60-based vehicles, and their full replacement in these roles means their automotives which are no longer supported and need cannibalizing, are no longer a logistical headache.
 

Big_Zucchini

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  • #91
Oshkosh to produce "hundreds" of Eitan APC hulls for ~$100 million.
This statement is odd, as the Eitan's serial production has reportedly begun in February 2020.
It is unknown what type of delays the project faces, but it is certain it faces some at least.
The report on serial production in February also stated the Nahal brigade would receive them by the end of 2021. Only in June of 2022 it was reported they are soon to be delivered.

This report speaks of 330 units to be delivered to the Nahal brigade. Not sure how this number overlaps with the given contract.

And this report estimates a contract of ~500 vehicles, and an IDF need for hundreds more.

An industry insider says the IDF has no plans to produce a turreted variant at the moment. He estimates the Merkava 4 Barak and Eitan will enter production as-is, followed up by a Namer revamp period (of the early variants), and only then will Eitan get some focus. Says doctrine for a turreted variant still not ready.
 
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Terran

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This reminds me of the GDLS contract for Nammer hulls a while back. It makes sense as US built products even one would imagine parts would be covered by US defense aide.
This also seems like a major sign that Oshkosh isn’t just a Truck company anymore. I mean the L-ATV really has shifted them from heavy trucks to fighting vehicles making them a stronger contender in the US OMFV.
 

Big_Zucchini

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  • #93
This reminds me of the GDLS contract for Nammer hulls a while back. It makes sense as US built products even one would imagine parts would be covered by US defense aide.
This also seems like a major sign that Oshkosh isn’t just a Truck company anymore. I mean the L-ATV really has shifted them from heavy trucks to fighting vehicles making them a stronger contender in the US OMFV.
American industry is involved in the Merkava, Namer, and Eitan projects deeply, and there has always been an American share in Israeli AFV programs.
The Eitan has the largest share of American-made parts so far, with 70% of its parts imported from the US (although unknown by what metric it's measured).
Many parts are produced in both countries by the way, giving Israel the economical benefit and strategic depths of imports (from the unrivaled king of logistics), whilst retaining domestic capability that could be flexed up very quickly when needed, completely avoiding the extensive restart periods and costs.

As for the shift to AFVs, before this news, months ago, we heard of Oshkosh's Cottonmouth, its proposal for the USMC's next gen armored recon vehicle. Even positioned well vs GDLS.
Of course, Oshkosh do not make systems or algorithms. They bend steel and effectively mate automotives with protection. And that allows them to easily enter the heavy AFV market. Today we hear more and more of this industrial flexibility.
Plasan went from making very light armored 4x4s to armoring frigates.
 

Terran

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I don’t think Oshkosh is involved in Cottonmouth that’s Textron with Elbit doing sensors.
 

Big_Zucchini

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  • #96
Update:
The first hulls are to be delivered in 18 months.
If true, this could indicate the IDF indeed manufactures hulls in high volume as well.
Reportedly, this will contribute to the Eitan's market positioning as they intend to export it or its systems.
In 2010 Israel showcased at Eurosatory the Merkava 4 as an exportable product.
Although a deal was rumored to be signed, many stories came afterward of Israel refusing to even offer it to interested parties, e.g. Czech Republic only got an offer for M60-based Sabra tanks, and Australia didn't even get an answer to an RFI on the Namer.

Then came the Philippines with a Merkava 4 AVLB photos. Around that time also Elbit started getting contracts as a prime contractor for full AFV programs, and Elbit even got to offer as its own product the Eitan to Brazil in what is now a failed bid for a light tank program.

previously, under the shadow of Israel-Russia dynamics that were hostile yet practical, Israeli officials said they do not find a situation of Israeli tanks facing Russia to be agreeable. This seems to have changed. I do wonder what got them to change their mind. One thing is certain - the AFV market hibernates for long periods, and now that it briefly woke up, until roughly the early 2030's, Israel, and every other contender, have a chance to pick up massive contracts.

 

Big_Zucchini

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  • #97
Israeli Elbit and German Rheinmetall demonstrate an 80km shot from a co-developed variant of the SIGMA, known in Israeli service as Ro'em.


Source is a Linkedin post.
 

Big_Zucchini

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  • #98
First Eitan APCs transferred to Nahal brigade ahead of massive north front exercise.
From the footage we see they are fitted with a 12.7mm RCWS, a driver camera set, and apparently also a rear hatch firing port. The standard equipment they are missing is the Iron Fist APS and Iron Vision AR system. Additionally, these are the APC variant without a 30mm turret.
MANTAK, the organization in charge of AFV program management, typically releases battalion sized batches for operational units, or smaller batches for special variants or schools.
While it is possible that more than just 3 units were transferred to Nahal, it is more likely, in part due to their kit, that they were transferred in the latest certified variant in a small experimental batch to test its real life performance in the current annual top-level exercise.

As a little bonus, we can see the Merkava 4 turret and hull casts on the left side in the last photo.

EDIT: Apparently Nahal brigade already has 10 Eitan vehicles.









Battle Order on made a video on YouTube about the structure of the Israeli armored brigade. Structure and numbers in particular are something that's not really available online, at least not in an updated form, so he interviewed several service members.
Worth noting that the IDF does not fight in corp-oriented brigades, e.g. armored or infantry, but splits them in real time and creates ad-hoc battle groups of dynamically chosen size and composition (as opposed to the rigid battalion tactical groups of Russia, or the BCTs of the US). Under former Chief of General Staff Gadi Eisenkot and his multi-year plan 'Gideon', the IDF experiemented with more pre-organized BCT structures, but any progress on that endeavor was not reported, and is likely classified, as one of the big advantages of an ad-hoc battle group is that an enemy won't have prior knowledge on it, creating a layer of operational security.

 
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Big_Zucchini

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  • #99
IDF debuts Namer 2 with 1,500hp and new systems.
Until now, all Namer (1) APCs were produced with a 1,200hp powerpack - similar to the Merkava 3 MBT. This powerpack is old, big (interferes with armor design), and producing new APCs with a powerpack that is so difficult to support is not really viable looking 40 years ahead.
Additionally, all active armor brigades are based on the Merkava 4, and soon many reserve ones will be as well. Switching to 1,500hp will allow the IDF to standardize on a single powerpack for the 60+ ton class.

The IDF is also in advanced negotiations with 2 unnamed customers - one of them European, for sale of over 200 old Merkava 2 and 3 tanks.
The tanks are old but were modernized thoroughly throughout their lives and with a refurb they could be a potent armored force, including modern optics, modern armament, and solid ergonomics for a comfortable transition.
It is reasonable to assume the European customer has requested Merkava 3 tanks, although I could be wrong. If true, it could allow some eastern European nations to begin standardizing on 120mm instead of the 125mm.
The Ukraine angle persists in this topic as well. Some speculate they will find their way to Ukraine, but I find it more reasonable to assume they are bought to backfill for other donated MBTs, possibly types Ukraine already operates like T-72/80, or Leopards.
 

Big_Zucchini

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  • #100
IDF officially unveils the Merkava 4 Barak MBT. It is a comprehensive tankionics upgrade featuring improvements in situational awareness, short and long range sensory, communications, and battle management.
The goal is to make this tank more responsive and better capable of closing very short engagement loops, as well as capable of operating in increasingly restrictive environment which necessitates closed hatch combat.



Translated list of features (link):
  • Closed hatch combat - The whole crew, including tank commander, will be protected throughout the entire mission. The commander will have an Iron Vision helmet that will allow him to safely observe the tank's surroundings, reducing the threat of sniper fire.
  • Advanced image processing and AI for instantaneous response - 5th crewman (i.e AI is like a 5th crewman).
  • Trophy APS with quick data analysis capabilities.
  • Advanced day and night observation capabilities, turret cameras, hull cameras, and perimeter defense (capabilities).
  • New gunner and commander controls for turret traverse, ranging, and firing.
  • Improved observation and detection capabilities.
  • High connectivity with varied forces in the combat area. Additional connectivity via Torch 750 BMS.
  • Improved capability of engagement loop closure on the battalion combat team and brigade combat team, making it faster, more precise, and higher quality.
  • Improved power storage and management capabilities.
  • Rapid data generation and reception capabilities, its transfer to strike elements as well as between military branches. Advanced digital systems and real time intelligence transfer.
  • Wide sensory infrastructure allowing deeper and more reliable area (intelligence) persistence.
  • Improved gunner sight named "Leshem" with advanced day and night surveillance capability.


Timeline:
2015 - Concept phase.
2016 - Market analysis and characterization together with industries.
2018 - Full scale development.
2020 - Technical trials.
2021 - Operational-technical trials.
2023 - In service.
 
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