Australian FFG Frigate Upgrade.

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Aussie Digger

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Here's the first announcement on the progress on the upgrade to the Royal Australian Navies FFG Frigates:

FFG Upgrade Milestone Achieved on Schedule


(Source: ADI Limited; dated April 7, web-posted April 14, 2004)


ADI Limited’s FFG Upgrade Project – the most sophisticated enhancement of Australian warships undertaken in Australia -- has entered the next phase of production following the on schedule undocking of HMAS Sydney.

HMAS Sydney, the first of the Royal Australian Navy’s guided missile frigates to be upgraded, has been moved from dry dock to berthside at ADI’s Garden Island facility in Sydney to complete the installation phase. The setting to work of the enhanced combat system will commence this month.

The Upgrade Project is not only a complex integration task that will see the FFG combat systems upgraded to ensure the ships’ operational effectiveness against regional threats, but the intrusive nature of the platform work means ADI is effectively rebuilding significant parts of the ship to incorporate the enhancements.

The upgrade represents the first time in Australia that a naval prime contractor has undertaken the roles of both platform and combat system design in-house to ensure proper integration at the whole-of-ship level.

The dry docking saw the installation of four new diesel generators, the vertical launch system housing (including rip out and reinforcement through four decks) and air conditioning plant. Also installed was combat system equipment including new mine avoidance sonar, electronic support and all upgraded fire control system hardware. ADI built a 3D model of the forward part of the ship enabling any potential system interferences to be designed out.

ADI’s approach to the removal and replacement of the diesel generators is believed to be a world first for FFGs. After completing trade off studies of various options, it was decided to remove each generator, bed plate and hull structure as a single unit, avoiding the disassembly of equipment onboard and the extensive removal of internal systems. Three generator units were removed through openings in the side plating and the fourth by cutting out the bottom hull plating and lowering it to the dock floor. Reinstallation followed the reverse process.

ADI managing director, Mr Lucio Di Bartolomeo, said the successfully completed rip out and installation phase underlined ADI’s unmatched naval engineering capabilities.

“With its cost, time and safety benefits, ADI is confident its innovative approach to removing the diesel generators will become the future standard for FFGs,†he said.

“The new capabilities that ADI developed for the Huon Class minehunters are vested in our people, processes and business systems and are flowing through to the FFG upgrade. “The upgrade is now following the minehunter project in producing its own ‘first time in Australian naval ship production’ successes.

“ADI now has the knowledge, the capabilities and the people required for all of Australia’s major warship programs.â€

The land based test site ADI established at Garden Island for the FFG upgrade enabled combat system software integration testing to begin in advance of HMAS Sydney being handed over to the company. Further formal combat system development and stress testing of system software will be undertaken ashore in May.

The software is scheduled for formal release to HMAS Sydney in July for harbour testing. An engineering version will be available to assist in the set to work process. Sea trials will follow the harbour tests with the frigate due for delivery to the RAN in the final quarter of this year.

This is a significant upgrade of the FFG's capabilities. The main parts of the work apart from those mentioned above, include: replacement of the SM-1 Standard, long range SAM, with the latest version of the SM-2 Standard SAM. Inclusion of an 8 cell Mk 41 vertical Launch system (VLS) for the Evolved Sea Sparrow Surface to Air Missile (ESSM), which provides an extra 32 SAM's as each ESSM is "quad packed" in the VLS cell. The "new" FFG's are also being upgraded with the Harpoon 2 missile and the new Eurotorp MU-90 torpedo. In addition the Electronic Warfare, air-search radar and missile fire control systems are being upgraded to accomodate and take full advantage of the new weapon systems. The habitability of the ships are also being upgraded to allow a slightly more comfortable environment for the sailors on board. The ships helicopter, the S-70 Seahawk is also in the process of being upgraded with new Electro-Optic and FLIR surveillance systems and rumours are that the Seahawk will also carry and fire the Penguin anti-ship missile though the RAN is keeping quiet on this... All in all the FFG's will be a pretty formidable ship when the upgrade's complete. Cheers.
 

tatra

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Considering how little marging the OHP basic design has, and the extent of the work, this upgrade is quite something.
 

Pathfinder-X

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instead of upgrading the aging perry class FFG the aussies should purchase more anzac class.
the perry has been in service since the mid 1970's i believe, the hull is reali getting old. it doesn't have much stealth feature lk new built FFGs, and it's capability is no match for the aussie anzac class.
 
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Aussie Digger

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The FFG's being upgraded were manufactured in Australia in the early to mid 80's. They were constructed from much better steel than our US made FFG's and are expected to be operated until 2020 or so. With the exception of the lack of a 5 inch gun, the FFG's are more capable than the ANZAC's. The Australian Government had a plan to upgrade the ANZAC's known as the warfighting improvement program, (WIP) this amongst other things would have included SM-2 SAM's, a 3D radar system (needed to take full advantage of SM-2's capabilities) and other enhancements (Harpoon 2, ESSM, Mistral short range SAM's, MU-90 torpedos etc). This program was canned as it was too expensive and a more limited upgrade was planned (Harpoon 2, ESSM and MU-90 and Mistral Short range SAM's only, no SM-2). I agree. The ANZAC class should have had the WIP and an additional 4 hulls (to replace the FFG's) built for the RAN. This would have saved us a fortune on support, training and logistic costs and given the RAN better capability given that every major surface combatant would have had a high level long range air defence capability, 5 inch gun, Harpoon 2, etc. It would have also meant that the need for the Air Warfare Destoyers wouldn't have been so urgent. Still that's government for you. Nevermind what will happen 5 or 10 years down the track. Lets do the absolute minimum we can get away with now...
 

adsH

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Aussie Digger said:
The FFG's being upgraded were manufactured in Australia in the early to mid 80's. They were constructed from much better steel than our US made FFG's and are expected to be operated until 2020 or so. With the exception of the lack of a 5 inch gun, the FFG's are more capable than the ANZAC's. The Australian Government had a plan to upgrade the ANZAC's known as the warfighting improvement program, (WIP) this amongst other things would have included SM-2 SAM's, a 3D radar system (needed to take full advantage of SM-2's capabilities) and other enhancements (Harpoon 2, ESSM, Mistral short range SAM's, MU-90 torpedos etc). This program was canned as it was too expensive and a more limited upgrade was planned (Harpoon 2, ESSM and MU-90 and Mistral Short range SAM's only, no SM-2). I agree. The ANZAC class should have had the WIP and an additional 4 hulls (to replace the FFG's) built for the RAN. This would have saved us a fortune on support, training and logistic costs and given the RAN better capability given that every major surface combatant would have had a high level long range air defence capability, 5 inch gun, Harpoon 2, etc. It would have also meant that the need for the Air Warfare Destoyers wouldn't have been so urgent. Still that's government for you. Nevermind what will happen 5 or 10 years down the track. Lets do the absolute minimum we can get away with now...
20 year old Hull is not old at all if its maintained in the best of condition !!!
 
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Pity it's not ATFLIR
ATFLIR may well be chosen as the next generation targeting pod for the F/A-18's, (I don't think it's used on helicopters). A new targetting pod is part of the planned HUG program. I'm betting the chosen pod will be either ATFLIR or Sniper XR. Cheers.
 

pezfez

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what's the current and future inventory of the aussie navy? with that huge coastline u would need a lot...
 
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Aussie Digger

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We currently operate 6 FFG Frigates and 5 ANZAC Frigates, 6 Collins Class submarines, 2 Amphibious Support ships, 1x Amphibious assault ship, 15 patrol boats, 6 minehunters, 1x underway replenishment ship, 1x fleet oiler, and a number of hydrographic and survey vessels, not to mention numerous minor vessels (rigid hull inflatables etc). We also operate 16 Seahawk Helicopters, 7 Sea King Helicopters and (as of next year) 11 Kaman Super Seasprite Helicopters.

We will take delivery of another 3 ANZAC frigates within the next 2 years, however 2 FFG Frigates will be retired leaving us with a major surface combatant fleet of 12 ships for several years. We also have a project to acquire 3 "Air Warfare Destroyers" (of similar capability to the Arleigh Burke Class destroyer, though not as large nor with as many personel), with the 1st of this class in service by 2013...
 

adsH

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Aussie Digger said:
We currently operate 6 FFG Frigates and 5 ANZAC Frigates, 6 Collins Class submarines, 2 Amphibious Support ships, 1x Amphibious assault ship, 15 patrol boats, 6 minehunters, 1x underway replenishment ship, 1x fleet oiler, and a number of hydrographic and survey vessels, not to mention numerous minor vessels (rigid hull inflatables etc). We also operate 16 Seahawk Helicopters, 7 Sea King Helicopters and (as of next year) 11 Kaman Super Seasprite Helicopters.

We will take delivery of another 3 ANZAC frigates within the next 2 years, however 2 FFG Frigates will be retired leaving us with a major surface combatant fleet of 12 ships for several years. We also have a project to acquire 3 "Air Warfare Destroyers" (of similar capability to the Arleigh Burke Class destroyer, though not as large nor with as many personel), with the 1st of this class in service by 2013...
so at the moment you guys lack destroyers!! what i have always never preferred are Destroyers, sure they may have more armor more weapons on bord and more personnel more room to carry out other tasks. but i have always hated there size and the cost and the fact that too much is put in Destroyers, i would prefer smaller frigates which have specialized task designated and specialized task assigned to them. i would also prefer better communication between them.
destroyers from my point of view are large over sized and too less maneuverable. i would think destroyers inpire confidence but some one has to break this trend.
 

tatra

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Well, corvettes-frigates-destroyers-cruisers, it's all relative. Most of today's corvettes-frigates-destroyers-cruisers are larger than yesterday's. My philosophy is that you figure out what mission(s) you want to be able to achieve, then determine the payload needed, and then design and build a ship around that. You slap a designation on it as necessary to get it funded :p
 
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The lack of destroyers have left us with a large gap in our naval capabilities, namely a substantial long range air defence capability for our fleet. Due to a political decision we no longer operate an Aircraft Carrier or a fixed wing fleet for our Navy, and our last destroyers (DDG's) were retired (without replacement) about 2 years ago. The Air warfare destroyers will fill a big hole in our defence capability when they arrive, so unfortunately I can't really agree with you on this one ADSH. Cheers.
 

tatra

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Aussie Digger said:
The lack of destroyers have left us with a large gap in our naval capabilities, namely a substantial long range air defence capability for our fleet. Due to a political decision we no longer operate an Aircraft Carrier or a fixed wing fleet for our Navy, and our last destroyers (DDG's) were retired (without replacement) about 2 years ago. The Air warfare destroyers will fill a big hole in our defence capability when they arrive, so unfortunately I can't really agree with you on this one ADSH. Cheers.
Considering the amount of sea to cover, you gues do indeed need dedicated AAW vessels.
 
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We do, having 2 large Oceans and a number of seas to cover...
 
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DEFENCE TO UPGRADE SHIP’S AIR DEFENCE MISSILE SYSTEM



Four of Australia’s Adelaide Class Guided Missile Frigates will be capable of firing the SM-2 missile after the Government approved a $550 million upgrade of their area air defence missile systems, Defence Minister Robert Hill announced today.

Senator Hill said the upgrade of HMA Ships Darwin, Melbourne, Newcastle and Sydney by early 2009 would significantly improve the air warfare capabilities of the Royal Australian Navy.

"The SM-2 missile is a member of the Standard Missile family produced by Raytheon and a highly capable modern variant of the ageing SM-1 missile system currently used on the FFGs," Senator Hill said.

"SM-2 benefits from significant improvements in communication techniques, advanced signal processing and propulsion improvements. The missile has an improved range to more than 50 nautical miles and enhanced performance against modern anti-ship missiles and aircraft.

"The upgrade will significantly extend the range of the area air defence region and provide greater potential for target intercept and destruction – a major capability boost for the Navy and a great asset for potential coalition operations.

"The SM-2 missile, or a derivative of it, will also be incorporated into our future Air Warfare Destroyers."

Senator Hill said the Government selected the SM-2 missile following a stringent testing and evaluation program with the assistance of the United States Navy.

The project covers the acquisition of SM-2 missiles and their integration into the FFGs. Missiles purchased will be both the training and live variants.

Equipment installation will be carried out in Australia. Australian industry involvement in the repair, maintenance and manufacture of components for the SM-2 missile is also being pursued.
 

EnigmaNZ

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Just wondering how this program is going. Haven't found a lot on the web thats up to date.

What was removed from the forward area to accommodate the vls. I notice all the newer US ships have those white squares next to their major weapon systems, prosumably a reloading hatch. 4 decks affected, so prosumably the longer strategic vls. Considering the essm has a capacity similar to the old sm1, which was in it's time considered a area defence missile, having 32 on board plus the 32 (prosumably 32 plus 8 harpoon 2s) sm2s really enhances their air warfare ability.

Be interesting to see if any other users of the OHP take up this option. Certainly be worthwhile for Taiwan as their OHP's are newer, and they really need the naval SAM capability.

It is a pity the active radar versions of the essm and sm2 are so far in the future though, the French astor already has this ability, why is the US dragging it's feet in this area, the seeker is already proven in the amraam, being able to do away with the illuminators would have made the anzac upgrade, and the ohp, cheaper and even more capable. The 1 illuminator on the ohp with it's blind spots would no longer be an issue.

Edit; interesting article, the new phased array australian radar and illuminators are amazing, with the anzacs able to accept 16 vls cells in it's rear system, though currently only 8 are installed, and space in front of the bridge for a similar system, (the mk41 is now available as a short 2 deck version for corvettes that can accept essm and sm-2MR) plus this new radar, we could have seen the anzac with 24 sm-2s and 8 quadpack essms, oh well.

http://www.yaffa.com.au/defence/current/8-104.htm
 
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EnigmaNZ said:
Just wondering how this program is going. Haven't found a lot on the web thats up to date.

What was removed from the forward area to accommodate the vls. I notice all the newer US ships have those white squares next to their major weapon systems, prosumably a reloading hatch. 4 decks affected, so prosumably the longer strategic vls. Considering the essm has a capacity similar to the old sm1, which was in it's time considered a area defence missile, having 32 on board plus the 32 (prosumably 32 plus 8 harpoon 2s) sm2s really enhances their air warfare ability.

Be interesting to see if any other users of the OHP take up this option. Certainly be worthwhile for Taiwan as their OHP's are newer, and they really need the naval SAM capability.

It is a pity the active radar versions of the essm and sm2 are so far in the future though, the French astor already has this ability, why is the US dragging it's feet in this area, the seeker is already proven in the amraam, being able to do away with the illuminators would have made the anzac upgrade, and the ohp, cheaper and even more capable. The 1 illuminator on the ohp with it's blind spots would no longer be an issue.

Edit; interesting article, the new phased array australian radar and illuminators are amazing, with the anzacs able to accept 16 vls cells in it's rear system, though currently only 8 are installed, and space in front of the bridge for a similar system, (the mk41 is now available as a short 2 deck version for corvettes that can accept essm and sm-2MR) plus this new radar, we could have seen the anzac with 24 sm-2s and 8 quadpack essms, oh well.

http://www.yaffa.com.au/defence/current/8-104.htm
HMAS Sydney (first ship to be modifed) has completed it's initial trials and is due to be handed over to Navy "soon". The project did run behind schedule, but ADI reckon they are "on top" of the problems's now.

The Mk 41 VLS for the ESSM is installed on top of the deck. I doubt anything was removed to make way for it.

The Adelaide class frigates have also had additional systems installed during it's upgrade to operate a "second channel"of fire, meaning it can simultaneously engage targets in multiple directions.

You're right, the 32 ESSM's are a big boost to the class. Along with the soon to be upgraded Block II Harpoon's, the arrival of SM-2 Block IIIA's, and the MU-90 torpedo, the Adelaide's are in effect becoming "destroyer like" platforms. They will be the most capable platform in SE Asia and probably the most capable frigate in the world. The Mk 13 rail launcher magazine holds 40 rounds, which would normally comprise 8 Harpoon's and 32 SM-2IIIA's.

As to the ANZAC's, well they are having ESSM integrated into each ship, (32 rounds in present), Harpoon Block II, MU-90 torpedo's, new phased array radars and continuous wave illuminators, new IRST and EW kits, plus the Seasprite/Penguin anti-ship missile is due to come online in 2006.

There's also talk the 5 inch gun will be upgraded to Mod 4 standard (they already have the Mod 4 turret on most ANZAC's), plus additional short range SAM's and 25mm "Typhoon" guns will be fitted to the ships.

I doubt we'll see SM-2 included on the ANZAC's. It was included under the original "Warfighting improvement program" which was canned due to it's high cost. An additional 8 cell MK 41 and more ESSM may be fitted, but probably only if it looked like we were about to be involved in a serious war...

There's an article containing all this and more in the latest "Navy league of Australia" magazine. I don't think it's online anywhere though.
 
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