British SAS Expands

Winter

New Member
SAS creates a new squadron to counter threat from al-Qa'eda

The Special Air Service, Britain's elite fighting force, is to be increased in size for the first time in more than 50 years, the Telegraph can reveal.

The 400-strong unit, which is based in Hereford, will be ordered to recruit an additional 60 to 80 members over the next five years to create a fifth sabre squadron capable of deploying on operations.

The decision represents a significant escalation in Britain's efforts to combat al-Qa'eda and other Islamic terrorists. It follows a warning from defence chiefs that Britain's special forces are struggling to cope with the number of operations that they are being asked to carry out around the world.

As well as operating in Afghanistan and Iraq, the special forces are also required to have teams on permanent standby for counter-terrorist operations in the United Kingdom. They also take part in a significant number of Foreign Office sponsored "exercises" in friendly countries around the world.

Since the al-Qa'eda attrocities of September 11, 2001, the SAS and its Royal Navy equivalent, the Special Boat Service, both of which come under the control of the Director of Special Forces, an Army brigadier, have been on permanent operational deployments.

The wars in Afghanistan and Iraq and the continuing hunt for Osama bin Laden have only been achieved by using volunteers from the regiment's territorial battalions, 21 and 23 SAS.

The expansion has been made possible by the announcement last July by Geoff Hoon, the Defence Secretary, of a £1.5 billion funding increase for the special forces.

Previously, one of the main hurdles to increasing the size of the SAS was the potential cost. Man for man, the regiment is the most expensive in the British Army with an annual budget that runs to hundreds of millions of pounds.

Until now, the SAS has resisted expansion attempts, claiming that it would ultimately lead to a "dilution of excellence" and undermine its operational effectiveness.

Of the thousands of soldiers who volunteer to serve with the regiment every year, only between 10 to 15 are accepted.

One former squadron sergeant major expressed his concerns, saying: "The SAS is the regiment it is because it is highly selective and refuses to compromise on its standards. Change that system and you change the regiment.

"If it is being over-tasked, then it is up to either the Government or senior officers to prioritise what they want the regiment to do."

Another former SAS officer insisted, however, that standards could be maintained. "Not everyone in the regiment is signed up to the rationale that recruiting can only be increased if standards are lowered," he said.

"There is a growing acceptance that the size of the special forces can be increased by micro-changes to the selection process, such as giving the benefit of the doubt to a few exceptional candidates.

"Most in this bracket could have successful careers in the regiment, but are never given the chance."

The expansion comes at a time when the SAS is examining its military ethos. The SAS's raison d'etre since its creation in 1941 has been to conduct small, covert operations against strategic, high-value targets.

Although that philosophy still holds true today, the regiment has been used to conduct an increasing number of conventional rather than special operations, which many within the regiment believe is a misuse of a valuable resource.

The most notable of these was during an operation against the Taliban in Afghanistan when a squadron of the SAS was used to attack a joint al-Qa'eda/ Taliban camp.

After the battle, the SAS squadron commander famously declared that an infantry company "could have done it better".

The move to expand the SAS follows a similar recruiting drive undertaken by the US military, which is planning to increase the size of its special forces to counter the growing threat from terrorist organisations that are based in Iraq.

Frances Fragos, the US Deputy national security adviser, said recently: "The special operations community represents the future of fighting. We will use them more, not less, as we go into the future."

Source: The Telegraph

If I remember correctly, they reviewed this several years ago as everyone was caught in the 9/11 fever however the SAS threw the move off, saying they were happy with their numbers and any expansion would 'dilute their quality' or something to that effect. I suppose they had a point.

:frosty
 

gf0012-aust

Grumpy Old Man
Staff member
Verified Defense Pro
There's a distinct trend happening internationally towards specwarrie expansion. Aust is going through the same process, as is India. IIRC so is France.
 

umair

Peace Enforcer
I would have preffered an increase in the RMCs and the SBS instead(personal bias.I like em more than anyother Specforce)
 

The Watcher

New Member
great. its like creating a whole different task force out of regular police/fbi unit just to counter the drugs issue. and u know what? it never seems to work! :roll
 
A

Aussie Digger

Guest
I agree with the unnamed SSM's pov. I do think that expanding 22nd SAS even further will have a detrimental effect. If the Brits require additional Special Forces, given the nature of their recent publicised operations they should create a "commando" tye regiment along the lines of Australia's 4 RAR (Commando). This unit is in effect a "special forces" infantry battalion. The soldiers must undertake and complete the entry level Special forces "barrier test" that prospective SASR soldiers undertake. However they then move into the Commando "stream" rather than going on to undertake the SASR selection course. The Commando's conduct the full range of special operations missions, (including Counter Terrorism operations) but with a focus on larger scale operations than the SASR is traditionally designed to undertake. This is what GB seems to require given the squadron size attack the SAS undertook in Afganistan, that they seem to be using as a reason for 22nd SAS to expand. Alternatively they could increase the size of the Royal Marine Commando's and have them undertake Special Forces training. Cheers.
 

gf0012-aust

Grumpy Old Man
Staff member
Verified Defense Pro
Aussie Digger said:
I agree with the unnamed SSM's pov. I do think that expanding 22nd SAS even further will have a detrimental effect. If the Brits require additional Special Forces, given the nature of their recent publicised operations they should create a "commando" tye regiment along the lines of Australia's 4 RAR (Commando). This unit is in effect a "special forces" infantry battalion. The soldiers must undertake and complete the entry level Special forces "barrier test" that prospective SASR soldiers undertake. However they then move into the Commando "stream" rather than going on to undertake the SASR selection course. The Commando's conduct the full range of special operations missions, (including Counter Terrorism operations) but with a focus on larger scale operations than the SASR is traditionally designed to undertake. This is what GB seems to require given the squadron size attack the SAS undertook in Afganistan, that they seem to be using as a reason for 22nd SAS to expand. Alternatively they could increase the size of the Royal Marine Commando's and have them undertake Special Forces training. Cheers.
I agree, SASr training is estimated to be $2million per trooper. You just can't apply that kind of spend and maintain quality for an entire militaries combat ground forces.

Increase the cohort through upskilling competent current units, but to do a greenfields solution is just crazy.
 

Winter

New Member
  • Thread Starter Thread Starter
  • #8
Aussie Digger said:
I agree with the unnamed SSM's pov. I do think that expanding 22nd SAS even further will have a detrimental effect. If the Brits require additional Special Forces, given the nature of their recent publicised operations they should create a "commando" tye regiment along the lines of Australia's 4 RAR (Commando). This unit is in effect a "special forces" infantry battalion. The soldiers must undertake and complete the entry level Special forces "barrier test" that prospective SASR soldiers undertake. However they then move into the Commando "stream" rather than going on to undertake the SASR selection course. The Commando's conduct the full range of special operations missions, (including Counter Terrorism operations) but with a focus on larger scale operations than the SASR is traditionally designed to undertake. This is what GB seems to require given the squadron size attack the SAS undertook in Afganistan, that they seem to be using as a reason for 22nd SAS to expand. Alternatively they could increase the size of the Royal Marine Commando's and have them undertake Special Forces training. Cheers.
The problem is from their perspective they would probably rather task it (possibly stretch and twist the objectives and the mission) to one of the 'established' units, such as the Para Regiment, Ghurka Regiment or 3rd Commando Brigade... :roll
 

umair

Peace Enforcer
AD the Brits already have a commando brigade,The Royal Marine Corps' 3rd Commando Brigade(which in essence is all of the RMC infantry discounting ship detachments) which also contributes SBS members.
Anybody interested in RMC history should read Major General(rtd) Julian Thompson's book "The Royal Marines[itl]From Sea Soldiers To A Special Force[/itl]
 
A

Aussie Digger

Guest
I understand that Umair, but the Royal Marine Commando's are not Commando's in the normal sense. They are not specially equipped, trained or structured to undertake special operations. They are in fact. a very well trained Marine Infantry Brigade who happen to be called Commando's. There is probably a reason for this (anyone?) that dates back to World War 2, but the fact is these days the Royal Marines are no more a special operations unit than are the Parachute Regiment or even the US Marines. This is why I suggested that the Marine's be re-trained (and necessarily re-equipped) in the "proper" Commando role, to allow an expanded Special operations capability. Cheers.
 

umair

Peace Enforcer
. They are in fact. a very well trained Marine Infantry Brigade who happen to be called Commando's. There is probably a reason for this (anyone?) that dates back to World War 2,
Well actually I know that they were raised in WWII for operations behind german and japanese lines.The whole answer is tooo looong(1 chapter in The General's book) Thats why I can't post it.Mebbe someone can dig up a shorter answer.P.S I really recommend the book I mentioned earlier.
 
A

Aussie Digger

Guest
I think I did read that book once upon a time Umair, it was a good read but I don't remember that much of to tell the truth. Here's a short history of the Royal Marines for those who haven't or can't remember like me...

"The Royal Marines are the Royal Navy's infantry, and provide a Commando Brigade for amphibious operations. On permanent readiness, Royal Marines operational units are self-contained to enable them to be deployed anywhere in the world, either in amphibious shipping or by air if necessary, to conduct a variety of military operations, ranging from peacekeeping to full-scale war.
The Royal Marines are unique in that all officers and men carry out their basic training in the same establishment, the Commando Training Centre Royal Marines, near Exeter. Both officers and men are required to complete all the Commando tests which include a 30 mile march against the clock, before being awarded the coveted green beret. The comprehensive and thorough training required to train a recruit into a Royal Marines Commando takes 30 weeks - one of the longest and best initial training courses in Europe.


Command Structure
Commanded by the Commandant General who is based at Whale Island in Portsmouth, the Command numbers approximately 7000 men and women from all three services. In addition, Royal Marines serve in many other areas both in the UK and abroad in a wide range of disciplines. These additional individuals are employed outside the Royal Marines Command although the Commandant General remains their 'tribal' Chief. The organisation of the Command is shown below:



3 Commando Brigade Royal Marines
3 Commando Brigade is the Royal Marines principal operational formation and is commanded by a Royal Marines Brigadier with his headquarters in Plymouth. The organisation of the Brigade is shown below.



It is structured on 3 lightly armed commando units numbered 40, 42 and 45. These are the core manoeuvre units of the Brigade and provide its immediate combat capability. Each is over 600 men strong and is roughly comparable with an infantry battalion.

The Brigade's Combat Support comes in the form of Artillery, provided by 29 Commando Regiment Royal Artillery, Air Defence from 20 Commando Battery Royal Artillery and Engineer Support from 59 Independent Commando Squadron Royal Engineers. There is also tactical landing and raiding craft support from 539 Assault Squadron and a mix of light and support helicopters from 845, 846 and 847 Naval Air Squadrons.

Combat Service Support is the domain of the Commando Logistic Regiment which comprises four specialist squadrons providing logistic support, medical and workshop facilities.

Additionally, the Brigade is served by a Headquarters and Signal Squadron which provides the command and control infrastructure as well as the necessary communications support. The Squadron also provides Medium Reconnaissance, Police, Forward Air Control, Electronic Warfare and Point Air Defence Troops.

All of these elements train together on a regular basis, to form the highly-mobile, fast-reacting Brigade for which the Royal Marines is renowned.





History
The history of the Royal Marines is a roll-call of daring deeds and valiant victories. It began way back in the reign of Charles II
28 October 1664
The Admiral's Regiment was formed in 1664 and the name 'Marines' first appears in the records in 1672. Since then Marines have taken part in more battles on land and sea, all over the world, than has any other branch of the British Armed Forces.



Gibraltar 1704
During the war of the Spanish Succession, when Britain was part of a coalition fighting France and Spain, the British and Dutch Marines were to the fore both in the capture of Gibraltar and in its defence during the subsequent 9 month siege. Their bravery and achievements in this campaign are commemorated by Gibraltar being the only battle honour worn on the Royal Marines badge and on the colours.


The 18th and 19th Centuries
Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, the Corps played a major part in the wars which created the British Empire. This policy of 'Imperial Policing' took the Marines from the bombardment of Algiers in 1816, to the Ashanti Wars, to the destruction of the Turkish fleet at Navarino in 1827, and on to the Siege of Sevastopol during the Crimean War in 1854.


The First World War 1914 - 1918
The outbreak of the First World War saw Royal Marines detachments deployed in all ships of destroyer size and above, where they were employed as gun crews. In this role some 5700 Marines saw action at the Battle of Jutland, the major naval engagement of the war. Royal Marines also took part in some of the famous actions ashore, being present at Gallipoli, and winning honours for their bravery at the raid on Zeebrugge. They also fought in the trenches and in the artillery brigades on the Western Front.


The Second World War 1939 - 1945
The first three years of the Second World War saw most of the action for the Royal Marines at sea. However, in 1942, the first Royal Marines Commandos were formed, and these units fought across Europe, taking part in campaigns in Sicily, Italy, and the Dalmatian Coast, including the Landings at Salerno, Anzio, and Termoli, while others fought in India and Burma. Five RM Commando Units took part in the D-Day Landings, the largest amphibious assault in history. By the end of the war, the Royal Marines numbers had grown to 80,000 - their largest size ever.


Post War
In every year since the end of the Second World War the Royal Marines have been engaged on active duty somewhere in the world, apart from 1968. Between 1945 and 1971, 3 Commando Brigade saw action in the Palestine emergency, the Malayan campaign, Brunei, Korea, Suez, Cyprus, Tanganyika, and the Borneo confrontation. Royal Marines Commando Units were among the first troops drafted into Northern Ireland in 1969, and have served in the Province almost every year since.
The Falklands 1982
In 1982, The Royal Marines played a leading part in the recapture of the Falkland Islands from the Argentinians. Sailing thousands of miles from home, they successfully completed an amphibious landing, and after 'yomping' across very difficult terrain in harsh conditions, they defeated a numerically superior enemy in fierce fighting.

The Present
Coming right up to date, 1991 saw the Royal Marines involved in the Gulf War and in mounting a major humanitarian relief operation, OP HAVEN, in support of the Kurdish people of Northern Iraq. In the last four years, Royal Marines have been deployed to Bosnia-Herzegovina in a number of roles and are still serving with the NATO implementation Force today.


The Future
The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Warsaw Pact has led to a much reduced likeliehood of the UK becoming involved in a war for national survival in Europe. NATO will remain the cornerstone of UK homeland defence. But, relaxed tension between the Superpowers has in turn loosened the constraints on the outbreak of conflict rooted in ethnic, national and economic rivalries, for example in the invasion of Kuwait, Former Yugoslavia, and on the southern borders of the former Soviet Union. Potential threats to peace and the economic well being of Britain and her Allies abound, and they are world-wide. It is, in many ways, a return to the norm of world politics pre-World War II, where relatively low intensity small wars predominated. These resurgent challenges demand fresh responses, and much effort has gone into reshaping UK forces in order that they can provide the government with the means to respond militarily, usually in concert with allies, should it be required.
Key to this capability are Britain's amphibious forces. Compromising primarily of naval and marine units this Brigade sized landing force has many attributes. It can sail at short notice and poise close to a area of potential action: some 80% of countries have a shoreline, and 50% of the world population live within 80 km of the sea. And amphibious forces, uniquely, have the ability to advance, withdraw, concentrate and disperse without violating frontiers or abandoning ground. As such they ca be a useful political tool, as well as a potent fighting force.

The Landing Force of Britain's amphibious forces is 3 Commando Brigade Royal Marines, a brigade of 3 Royal Marines Commandos supported by commando artillery, logistics, communications and helicopters. It's a force with a long history of sea-soldiering. First raised in 1664, the Royal Marines has seen action world-wide nearly every year since.



Looking forward, 3 Commando Brigade RM is a key contributor of combat power to the recently formed Joint Rapid Deployment Force (JRDF). This force, available for operations at short notice, could well be amphibious based. The purchase of new amphibious shipping, a helicopter carrier - HMS OCEAN, and early in the next decade two replacement Landing Ships will give the force world-wide reach, reliable platforms from which to operate, and modern communications and intelligence capabilities.


If history teaches anything about the future it is that it will not be exactly as predicted. With the highly trained, professional Royal Marine Corps, and the ability to deploy it world-wide by sea, or air, the United Kingdom has a small, but nonetheless potent military force, capable of protecting British and allied interests world-wide.
Whether in peace support operations, other operations short of war, or war itself, the Royal Marines will continue to be in the vanguard Britains' military capabilities."

From specialoperations.com

Well maybe not so short...
 

umair

Peace Enforcer
Nice summary :D
Anyhow an excerpt from that book which I personally like(it describes aRMC Recon Troop's OP in N.Ireland)

"During 40 Commando's 1976 tour, a very successful OP was mounted by the Reconnaissance Troop,initially under Srgt Moate,in an attic in the Sinn Fein office in Crossmaglen,and maintained for several weeks.Access was achieved by picking the lock on the front door.Changeovers were carried out every five or so nights,through a side window.Food was eaten cold,and the answer to the obvious question is: polythene bags or clingfilm.By removing a tile in the roof,the OP could watch the town square.The Marines could also eavesdrop on some of the conversations in the office two floors below.Unfortunately the cover was blown when a member of the local Sinn Fein branch persuaded his secretary to accompany him to the loft for some horizontal activity.He led the way up the ladder,and on poking his head through the hatch, encountered the muzzle of the OP commander's pistol up his nostrils.The OP was withdrawn,but an attemp was made to conceal the fact that it had been there by threatening the Sinn Fein official that his wife would be told about his extra-marital activity if PIRA came to know of the OP's existence."
Very stealthy I must say.Maintaining an OP on top of an IRA political office :roll
 
A

Aussie Digger

Guest
The Royal Marine's are very good make no mistake about it. They're just not a "special forces" unit. Just a very good "normal" unit, designed for a specific role. The SBS on the other hand...
 

DRUB

New Member
Does anyone think that the SAS's desire to expand will be very similar to other special force units around the world? The change in the environment has meant that gvts place a great emphasis on the tasks special forces carry out. It only seems logical that they would want more ppl who can carry out the tasks
 

gf0012-aust

Grumpy Old Man
Staff member
Verified Defense Pro
DRUB said:
Does anyone think that the SAS's desire to expand will be very similar to other special force units around the world? The change in the environment has meant that gvts place a great emphasis on the tasks special forces carry out. It only seems logical that they would want more ppl who can carry out the tasks
All of the western and some of the NATO members are increasing the size of their special warfare units. NZ has also decided to increase the size of hers.

The difficulty for all special forces units will be that Govts may mistake their capabilities and start using them more and more as surgical solutions rather than their principle task definitions.

That will mean a continuation of the struggle between govt and military planners on where and how to use them. The UK probably has an easier way forward in this respect as they are fiercely protective and in a broader sense more acutely waware of how specops needs to be used.

In some countries the role of the Spec Forces is evolving into a modern day version of the Praetorian Guard - and that may cause tactical disconnects.
 

batavian

New Member
The british army has enough high quality infantry formations.for them to expand the sas in particular shows a need for more covert style operators.
the indicators I infer this from are first the events in basra where the two officers were held in an iraqi jail having been detained by shiite police officers
the article descibed the british officers as being in plain clothes mingling with the populous I've read into this and take it they where doing some "field expidient"agent handling and got "arrested".the other indicator is the formation of the new recconicence regiment in order to take some of the strategic and tactical/covert recconissence of the hands of the over worked sas.
 

batavian

New Member
The use of a current situation to illustrate a possible stimulus to expanding the sas is done on the assumption that they've been trying to replicate one or more of the functions of the sas in conventional formations.
 
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